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Factors Of Parasitic Virulence

... by studies in which virulence is conserved or increases over time. A model which encompasses the variability of parasite-host interactions by synthesizing spatial (transmission) and temporal (evolutionary) factors is examined. Lenski and May (1994) and Antia et al. (1993) predict the modulation of virulence in parasite-host systems by integrating evolutionary and transmissibility factors. INTRODUCTION Why do certain parasites exhibit high levels of virulence within their host populations while others exhibit low ...

Number of words: 2924 | Number of pages: 11

The Physics Of Scuba Diving: Swimming With The Fish

... were explained and I was literally tossed in. Sounds easy enough, right!, well WRONG!!. From the moment I hit the water, my experience was much less than fun. I quickly sank to the bottom into a new world, with unfamiliar dangers. I really wasn't ready for this experience. I was disorientated, causing me to panic, which shortened the length of my dive, not to mention my air supply. Let's just say I would not do that again. To start exploring the underwater world, one must first master a few skills. Certification is the first step ...

Number of words: 4541 | Number of pages: 17

Using Bicycles As An Alternative To Automobiles

... will focus on is transportation. The use of bicycles can greatly improve the economy of a nation. A comparison between the efficiency of the transportation systems of the United Stated and Japan points this out. In 1990 Americans spent 17.9 percent of the GNP on transportation, whereas the Japanese spent only 10.79 percent on transportation. This difference of nearly 7 percent, gives the Japanese economy much more money for investing in their future. Our Economy is not the only thing we should worry about, and it is also not the only thi ...

Number of words: 1470 | Number of pages: 6

Cell Division

... cell prepares for mitosis. The reproduction of DNA and the replication of chromosomes occur in the S phase, and final preparations for occur in the G2 phase. Actual occurs in M phase (mitosis). Mitosis has four sub-phases, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. In prophase, the nucleoli disappears and the chromatin fibers become discrete chromosomes. The mitotic spindle also beings to form and the centrioles begin to move towards opposite ends of the cell. Also occurring later in prophase, the nuclear envelope fragments, and t ...

Number of words: 395 | Number of pages: 2

Protein Synthesis

... that occur during , or peptide formation. One is transcription and the other is translation. Although these biological processes slightly differ for eukaryotes and prokaryotes, they are the basic mechanisms for which proteins are formed in all living organisms. There are four main levels of a protein, which make up its native conformation. The first level, primary structure, is just the basic order of all the amino acids. The amino acids are held together by strong peptide bonds. The next level of protein organization is the secondary ...

Number of words: 770 | Number of pages: 3

Electronic Commerce

... it has grown at an alarming rate of over 2000 percent since last year. She continued to say that she predicts that it will continue to grow at an even faster rate, as more and more products become available online and that knowledge of Internet commerce is really happening. (34) One of the major reasons that this industry is booming is because purchasing over the Internet has been made very easy compared to the traditional way of shopping. Ordinarily a consumer will take the kids and pile in the family car and head to the local shopping ...

Number of words: 874 | Number of pages: 4

Autumn A Magnificent End

... to leave with pride, honor, and the promise that he may return in the afterlife. The first sign that the end of natures yearly cycle, autumn, is approaching is when the leaves begin to change their color and whither. Even though they are changing color because they are dying, that thought is dismissed from the mind because of the beauty in that event which the eye beholds-with humans it should be the same thing. People should not feel sad seeing their elder loved ones change their colors and whither but rather rejoice from the knowledge tha ...

Number of words: 510 | Number of pages: 2

Titanium

... when pure is a lustrous white metal. It has a very low density, good strength, easily fabricated, and has excellent corrosion resistance. It’s ductile only when free of oxygen. This metal, which does burn in the air, is the only element that burns in nitrogen. is resistant to dilute sulfuric and hydrochloric acid, most of the organic acids, most chlorine gas, and chloride solutions. When natural, is reported to become very radioactive after being bombarded with neutrons. The emitted radiations are mostly positrons and gamma rays. The ...

Number of words: 645 | Number of pages: 3

Life Of Octopus Dofleini

... time of the year, however the mating of the octopus peaks in the winter months, with the peak of egg laying in April and may. Octopuses reproduce sexually, and have both male and female octopuses. Reproduction takes place as follows: The male octopus uses his tentacle to take a mass of spermatophore from within his mantle cavity, he then inserts it into the oviduct, in the mantle cavity of the female. This process occurs at depths from 20-100m and, lasts hours. With female octopuses receiving spermatophore up to 1m long. Female octopu ...

Number of words: 1449 | Number of pages: 6

Cyclones

... and starts producing thunderclouds. Spinning in a clockwise direction (anticlockwise in the Northern Hemisphere), the cyclone gradually picks up speed. Driven by the fast winds, the Cyclone can move at up to 50km/h. While all this is happening a distinct "eye" is forming in the centre of the Cyclone. This "eye" unlike the rest of the Cyclone is completely calm and is not windy at all. Cyclone Tracy was the most destructive cyclone recorded to hit Australia since white settlement in 1788 (the Bathurst Bay killed 300 people but didn't reach ...

Number of words: 547 | Number of pages: 2

The Application Of Fractal Geometry To Ecology

... pathways; an increased understanding of landscape structures; and the ability to more accurately model landscapes and ecosystems. Using fractal dimensions allows ecologists to map animal pathways without creating an unmanageable deluge of information. Computer simulations of landscapes provide useful models for gaining new insights into the coexistence of species. Although many ecologists have found fractal geometry to be an extremely useful tool, not all concur. With all the new insights gained through the appropriate application of frac ...

Number of words: 3320 | Number of pages: 13

Chinook Salmon

... The Chinook salmon is known for traveling the greatest distance back to its spawning grounds, often traveling one to two thousand miles inland. This long journey is now often interrupted by hydroelectric plants. Hydropower is a very good alternative resource for power, however it is very damaging to our salmon populations. The dams block off rivers, which block the salmon's path back to their breeding grounds. The salmon go back to the same areas, just as their ancestors did, to lay their eggs. The hydropower plant's turbines are also ...

Number of words: 601 | Number of pages: 3

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