Part one of term paper
The 1803 case resulted in the most important Supreme Court decision in history. The court's ruling established the power of judicial review, solidified the Constitutional system of checks and balances, strengthened the power of the federal government, and made the Judiciary an equal partner with the Legislative and Executive branches of gov ...

Part two of term paper
... passed the Judiciary Act of 1801 in a lame-duck session. The bill reformed a 1789 statute and created many new judgeships. Adams nominated judges and the Senate confirmed them. Adams then stayed up until long after midnight on March 3, 1801, his last full day in office, signing commissions that put fifty-nine loyal Federalists in office. These were the so-called "midnight judges." In the final weeks before Jefferson took office, John Marshall was Secretary of State and Chief Justice s ...