Part one of term paper
is the network of cables, poles, conduit, feeder cable, distribution cable, terminals, aerial and drop wire, and fiber optics that interconnects CO's and connects from the local CO to the home or customer. The local loop or last mile is the link between the CO and the customer. The local loop is mainly made up of twisted-pair copper wire. ...

Part two of term paper
... to the CO and courser grade wire is used farther away from the CO to reduce loop resistance. Over the year the local loop has not changed much but there have been improvements in insulation, cable sheaths, splicing. Most of the that was aerial has been converted to underground which reduces damage. The connection of CO's have changed dramatically by drunk routes being constructed in underground conduits about ever 6,000 feet. Copper wires can be changed to fiber optics, the material is unlimi ...