Part one of term paper
A mutation is an alteration in the genetic material of a cell that is transmitted to the cell's offspring. may be spontaneous (the result of accidents in the replication of genetic material) or induced by external factors (e.g., electromagnetic radiation and certain chemicals). take place in the genes, which are found in the long, chainlik ...

Part two of term paper
... by bonds between the bases of one chain and those of the other. An A is always bonded to a T, and every G is paired with a C; the result is that the sequence of bases in the two strands is complementary. The arrangement of the bases determines the genetic code of an organism. This code directs the synthesis of proteins at the cellular level. It is written in units called codons, each of which specifies a particular amino acid. (Proteins are composed of amino acids.) A codon consists of a sequence ...